cy{÷Jofkf/

wGo, z]o/sf] d"No kfFr jif{cl3sf] h:tf] c:jfefljs pFrfOdf k'Ug' cufj} cf]/fnf] nfUg yfNof], gq 7"nf] …qm\of;Ú df y'k|} nufgLstf{x¿ kg{ ;Sy] .

g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{df btf{ ePsf -;"rLs[t_ !!) j6f sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k"FhL cyf{t\ hDdfhDdL ;DklQ ?= & ca{ #% s/f]8 dfq} xf], t/ tL sDkgLsf z]o/sf] ahf/ d"No -dfs]{6 Soflk6nfOh];g_ ?=$# ca{ !@ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 . cyf{t\ sDkgLx¿sf] x}l;oteGbf ‰08} ^ u'gf a9L k"FhL z]o/df nufgL ePsf] 5 . To;df klg Aofª\s, aLdf / ljQ sDkgLsf z]o/sf] ahf/d"No jf:tljstfeGbf w]/} a9L 5 . z]o/ dfs]{6sf] d'Vo cfsif{0f / To;df xnrn Nofpg] klg oxL If]qsf sDkgLx¿ x'g] u/]sf 5g\ .

z]o/ahf/df ;"rLs[t !) j6f afl0fHo Aofª\sx¿sf] r'Qmf k"FhL ?= @ ca{ %# s/f]8 dfq eP klg logsf] z]o/sf] ahf/ d"No ?= @* ca{ #( s/f]8 eO;s]sf] 5 . To:t}, ?= ! ca{ !^ s/f]8 r'Qmf kF"hL ePsf #$ j6f aLdf tyf ljQ sDkgLx¿sf] dfs]{6 Soflk6nfOh];g -ahf/ d"No_ ?= $ ca{ @$ s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 .

ljut b'O{ jif{ otf lj:tf/} a9\b} cfPsf] z]o/sf] d"NonfO{ Aofª\lsª If]qdf pTkGg gofF ;Defjgf / ck]Iffn] tLj| t'NofPsf] cg'dfg lj1 / cg'ejLx¿sf] 5 . pgLx¿sf] ljZn]if0fdf, afl0fHo Aofª\sx¿n] clws[t k"FhL ?= %) s/f]8 k'¥ofpg'kg]{ ;/sf/L lgb]{zg kfngf ug{ cfkm"n] sdfPsf] d'gfkmfaf6 …af]g;Ú z]o/ hf/L ug]{ ljZjf;df nufgLstf{x¿n] Aofª\ssf z]o/df cTolws ?lr b]vfPsf x'g\ . t/ ;a} Aofª\sn] lgs6 eljiodf To:t} z]o/ lgisf;g ug]{ ;Defjgf gb]lvPkl5 cl3Nnf] ;ftfaf6 z]o/sf] d"Nodf lu/fj6 cfpg yfn]sf] xf] eGg] s]xL ljQ ljZn]ifsx¿sf] 7DofO 5 . pgLx¿sf cg';f/, clws[t k"FhL j[l4 ug]{ Dofb /fi6« Aofª\sn] c¿ s]xL jif{ nDAofpg ;Sg] ;Defjgf a9]/ uPsf] 5 . z]o/ ahf/df z'?b]lv g} ;lqmo /xFb} cfPsf rf6{8{ PsfpG6]06 hubLz cu|jfnsf] ljrf/df, Pp6f z]o/n] k|fKt ug]{ k|ltkmn, a"s Eofn' / ahf/ k"FhLs/0fsf] cfwf/df cfsfl;Psf] z]o/ d"No wflgg ;Sg] lyPg . pgsf] ljZn]if0f cg';f/ Aofª\lsª If]qsf] z]o/sf] ahf/ d"No ‰08} cfwf tn ‰g'{ k5{– :jfefljs b]lvgsf] nflu .

ljut s]xL jif{b]lv df}lb|s If]qsf] cfsf/ km/flsnf] ePaf6 / nufgLsf] ;Defjgf IfL0f x'Fb} uPsf sf/0f hDdf x'guPsf] t/ntfsf] Ps dfq lgsf; k"FhL ahf/ x'guPsf] 5 . cfkm";Fu ePsf] cTolws t/ntfnfO{ oyf]lrt nufgL ug{] 7fpF gkfPkl5 lgIf]kdf lbg] Jofh 36fpg yfn]sf Aofª\sx¿af6 lg/fz lgIf]kstf{x¿ z]o/af6 k|fKt x'g] l8le8]06, af]g; z]o/ / o;sf] dfs]{6 Soflk6nfOh]zgdf j[l4 x'g] ljZjf;sf sf/0f z]o/ ahf/tkm{ cfslif{t x'g yfn]sf x'g\ .

clxn] z]o/ ahf/df klxn]sf] h:tf] h'g;'s} sDkgLsf] z]o/ efp ga9]/ Aofª\lsª tyf aLdf–ljQLo sDkgLx¿sf] dfq} a9]sf] 5 . g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{sf cWoIf 8Da/ 9'Ë]nsf] ljrf/df aLdf sDkgL / Aofª\sx¿ clxn];Dd 7"nf] gf]S;fgLdf k/]sf] hfgsf/L gx'g' g} o:tf] x'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f xf] . ;~rfng hf]lvd sd x'g] ljZjf; / Aofª\s tyf ljQLo If]qsf] l8le8]06 b/ a9L ePsfn] klg nufgLstf{x¿sf] o;tkm{ cfsif{0f a9]sf] x'g;S5 . 9'Ë]n eG5g\, æoxL sf/0fn] z]o/ sf/f]af/df j[l4 eO{ rls{Psf] ahf/ d"Nosf sf/0f klg z]o/ ahf/df Aofª\sx¿sf] k|e'Tj a9\b} uPsf] xf] .Æ t/ pBf]uklt ljgf]b rf}w/Lsf] egfO a]Un} 5 . pgL eG5g\, ædf}lb|s ahf/sf] ljsf;nfO{ ;/sf/n] a]jf:tf u/]sf] sf/0f art yfGsf] nufpg k"FhL ahf/ Psdfq lgsf; aGg k'u]sf] xf] . z]o/ ahf/sf] k|f/Ded} d'n'ssf k|ltli7t cf}Bf]lus ;d"xaf6 k|:tfj ul/Psf Dofg'ˆofSrl/ª sDkgLx¿af6 wf]sf kfPsf sf/0f clns a9L ;'/Iff b]v]/ Aofª\lsª If]qlt/ nufgLstf{x¿ cfslif{t ePsf x'g\ .Æ

t/ Aofª\ssf] z]o/df ePsf] cTolws nufgLn] To;sf] k|ltkmn klg cTolws 5 eGg] rflxF a'‰fpFb}g . rf6{8{ csfp06]06 cu|jfn eG5g\, Aofª\sx¿sf] z]o/sf] dfs]{6 Soflk6nfOh]zgnfO{ la;{g] xf] eg] z]o/s} nufgLaf6 x'g] d'gfkmf eg]sf] Aofª\s Aofhb/s} xf/fxf/Ldf jf Tof] eGbf klg sd x'G5 . cf=j= )%%–)%^ df g]kfn u|L08n]h Aofª\sn] k|lt z]o/ ?= *) gub afF8]sf] lyof] . of] /sd To;avt k|rlnt Aofª\s Jofhb/s} xf/fxf/L cyf{t\ Aofª\ssf] tTsfnLg z]o/ d"Nosf] rfgr'g ^ k|ltzt dfq x'g cfpF5 .

df}lb|s t/ntf a9L ePs} sf/0fn] kmfOgfG; sDkgLx¿n] klg z]o/ v/Lb ug{, z]o/ g} lwtf] /fv]/ $)Ü C0f lbg yfn]kl5 t/ntf RofgnfOh eO{ ljQLo If]qsf] z]o/ d"Nodf j[l4 ePsf] atfOG5 .

rf}w–kGw| jif{cl3 cd]l/sfsf] ;xof]udf :yflkt g]kfnsf] z]o/ ahf/n] @)%) ;fn k';df ˆnf]/ v'nf ePkl5 clxn]sf] :j?k lnPsf] xf] . @% hgf bnfnx¿ / ^ hgf ahf/ lgdf{tfx¿sf] ;fydf cfPsf] g]kfnL z]o/ ahf/ z'?d} a'd x'g k'Uof] . z]o/ ahf/af/] hg:t/df Tolt hfgsf/L geP tfklg Toltv]/ dflg;x¿sf] pT;'stfn] sfd u¥of] . dflg;x¿ lx;falstfa s]xL gx]/L yfxf gkfO{ SofNs'n]zg ljlxg nufgL ug{ yfn] / z]o/ ahf/ ¥o"d/ l8«e]g ahf/sf] ¿kdf ljsl;t eof] . %)–%! ;fnlt/ z]o/sf] efp a9\gdf Toltv]/ gu/kflnsfn] gS;f kf; /f]s]sfn] dflg;x¿;Fu hDdf ePsf] t/ntf klg Ps k|d'v sf/0f lyof] . g]kfn d]6n sDkgL h:tf] rNg} g;s]sf] sDkgLsf] klg ?= !) sf] z]o/ To;a]nf ?= #) df lsga]r eof] .

To;kl5 z]o/sf] efp 36\g yfNof] . g]kfn Aofª\s lnld6]8sf] z]o/ efp ?= #^)) af6 !!)) df ‰¥of] . sltn] o;nfO{ dfs]{6 w/f;foL ePsf] ;+1f klg lbP eg] Aofª\sn] Ps z]o/ a/fa/ b'O{ j6f yk z]o/ af]g; lbPsfn] sltn] To;nfO{ ;xh ¿kdf klg lnP . )%@–)%# lt/sf] of] dGbLaf6 ;a}nfO{ c;/ k/]sf] cj:yfdf C0f nufgL cfzf cg'?k geP tfklg sf/f]af/df x'g] 8fOel;{kmfO8 PlS6lel6h
-j}b]lzs d'b|fsf] ljlgdo, cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df ul/g] nufgL, ;/sf/L j08x¿sf] v/Lb laqmL cflb_ n] afl0fHo Aofª\sx¿sf] l:ylt eg] Toltlj£g lau|g lbPg . t/ ;+o'Qm nufgLsf s]xL ax'/fli6«o sDkgLx¿ afx]s cGo pTkfbgzLn If]q eg] Wj:t x'g k'Uof] . g]kfnsf gfdL Jofkfl/s k|lti7fgx¿ k|df]6/ /x]sf kfFr j6f sDkgLx¿ a'6an wfuf]
-g]=cf}=lj=s=, g]kfn cfon lgud / tTsfnLg ;]So'l/6L v/Lb laqmL s]Gb|_, uf]/vsfnL /a/ pBf]u -;fN6 6«]l8ª_, Hof]lt :kLlgª 
-Hof]lt ;d"x_, c?0f jg:klt -uf]N5f ;d"x_ / xl/l;l4 OF6f 6fon -Pg=aL=;d"x_ af6 dfq} ;j{;fwf/0fn] 7"nf] 3f6f Joxf]g'{k¥of] . s'n ?= &$ s/f]8 r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf oL kfFr j6f sDkgLx¿df ;j{;fwf/0f sf] ?= !* s/f]8 nufgL /x]sf]df uPsf] c;f/ d;fGtsf] ahf/ d"No cg';f/ ?= ( s/f]8 dfq pgLx¿n] lkmtf{ kfpg] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . z]o/ hf/L ePsf] tfsf lgs} rrf{ kfPsf] hfjnfv]n l8:6Ln/Lsf ljho zfx / sf7df8f}F xf]6nsf k|bLk /f0ff k|df]6/ /x]sf] OGb|]0fL ;f]ofldNsaf6 nufgLstf{x¿n] clxn];Dd k};f lkmtf{ kfPsf 5}gg\ / pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g] s]xL d]lzg rf}w/L u|'kn] lsg]sf] 5 . z]o/ a]r]/ a]kQf ePsf] xªsªsf] lgd/8 kmdf{:o"l6sN;sf] cl:tTj vf]Hg hfg] 7fp+F g} 5}g .

z'?b]lv g} Aofª\lsª / ljQLo If]qsf] bfFhf]df ahf/ d"Nosf] bf}8df ;a}eGbf k5fl8 /x]sf] pTkfbgzLn cyf{t\ pBf]u, snsf/vfgf 
-Dofg'ˆofSrl/ª_ If]q -k|fozM :jb]zL_ )%@–)%# sf] z]o/ d"Nodf ePsf] lu/fj6df ‰g} k5fl8 k¥of] . ;+o'Qm nufgLsf g]kfn lne/, g]kfn Aof6«L sDkgL tyf af]6n;{ g]kfn -sf7df8f}F / t/fO{ If]q_ afx]s c¿sf] xfnt clxn] klg gfh's 5 . g]kfnsf 7"N7"nf Jofkfl/s k|lti7fgx¿åf/f klAnsdf nluPsf sDkgLx¿df clxn];Dd b]vfOFb} cfPsf] 3f6fsf sf/0f nufgLstf{x¿n] l8le8]06 t k/} hfcf];\ kmF;]sf] k"FhL psf:g z]o/ ahf/df hfFbf klg v/Lbstf{ sf]xL x'Fb}g . pBf]uklt ljgf]b rf}w/L eG5g\, ælgotdfly zÍf x'g] Jofkfl/s k|lti7fg tyf klAnsx¿sf sf/0f Dofg'ˆofSrl/ª If]qsf] of] l:ylt ePsf] xf] .Æ rf}w/Lsf cg';f/ cfˆgf] JolQmut kmfObfsf nflu c:j:y sDkgLnfO{ :j:y sDkgL eg]/ klAnsdf nfg] k|df]6/ / ;fwf/0f;efdf eP–gePsf s'/fx¿ p7fP/ hgtfsf] ;xfg'e"ltsf] e/df 8fO/]S6/ aGg nfnflot z]o/ ahf/sf] Ps ;d"x g} o;sf nflu lhDd]jf/ 5g\ .

z]o/ ahf/df ljb]zLn] cfP/ rnfPsf] sDkgL d'gfkmfdf hfg] t/ g]kfnLn] rnfPsf] sDkgL 3f6fdf hfg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu, ;+o'Qm nufgLsf g]kfn lne/, g]kfn Aof6«L sDkgL gfkmfdf uPsf 5g\ eg] uf]N5f ;d"xsf] c?0f jg:klt / Hof]lt ;d"xsf] Hof]lt :kLlgª ldn 3f6fdf 5g\ . cu|jfn k|Zg u5{g\, æs'g} :jb]zL sDkgLx¿ 3f6fd} uPsf] xf] eGg] s] Uof/]06L <Æ jf:tjd} Uof/]06L e]6\g ufx|f] 5 . clxn] klg :6s PS;r]~hdf ;"rLs[t !!) j6f sDkgLx¿dWo] jflif{s k|ltj]bg -Jofn]G; ;L6_ a'‰fpg]x¿sf] ;ª\Vof %)–%! dfq /x]sf] 5 . To:t} klAnsdf nlu;s]kl5 klg clws z]o/ ePs} sf/0f sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkg kl/jf/ leq} /xg] tyf cg'udgsf] nflu cTofjZos Jofj;flos n]vf k|0ffnL / nfutsf] lx;fa–lstfasf] cefjsf sf/0f ;j{;fwf/0f nufgLstf{nfO{ wf]sfdf /flvFb}g eGg ufx|f] 5 .

Aofª\sx¿sf] nfut k"FhLsf] cg'udg g]kfn /fi6« Aofª\sn] u5{ eg] u}/ Aofª\lsª If]qsf] cg'udg ug{sf nflu s:6 cl86 tyf csfpl06ª :6f088{sf] cfjZostf kb{5, h'g xfdL sxfF 5}g . To:t} z]o/ ahf/nfO{ cfjZos ult lbg, k"FhLsf] t/ntfsf] ljsf; ug]{ z]o/ Aofª\ssf] ¿kdf a'l‰g] ;]G6«n l8kf]lh6/L l;i6d -l;l8P;_ klg xfdL sxfF 5}g . cWoIf 9'Ë]nsf cg';f/ oL ;a} ;+oGqsf] :yfkgfsf] nflu cfjZos kxn z'? u/L ;lsPsf] 5 . lwtf]kq af]8{n] OlG:6Ro'6 ckm rf6{8{ csfp06]06\; ckm g]kfn;Fu ldn]/ csfpl06ª :6f088{sf] 8«fˆ6 tof/ u/fO;s]sf] 5 eg] Pl;ofnL ljsf; Aofª\ssf] ;xof]udf l;l8P; nufotsf ;+oGqsf] :yfkgfsf] nflu ;xdlt alg;s]sf] 5 .

!^ ebf}af6 cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] z]o/sf] ahf/ d"Non] kfFr jif{ cl3sf] h:tf] jf Tof] eGbf uDeL/ …b'3{6gfÚ sf] ;DefjgfnfO{ 6f/]sf] 5 . sDkgLx¿sf] jf:tljs k"FhL / gfkmf sdfpg] Ifdtf ga'l‰sg xNnf / c8\snsf e/df z]o/df nufgL ug{] cfd k|j[ltdf eg] clxn]klg ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5}g . o:tf] k|j[ltn] eljiodf w]/}nfO{ 8'afpg ;S5 .

ls/0f g]kfn

s]xL jif{cl3;Dd uf]N8:6f/sf] gfdaf6 lrlgg] On]lS6«sn ;/;fdfgsf] sf]l/ofnL lgdf{tf Pn hLn] yk gofF pTkfbgx¿ ahf/df NofPsf] 5 . o:tf a:t'x¿df rf/ yl/sf /]lk|mlh/]6/, k|m06 nf]l8ª jfl;ª d]lzg, d]6flns uf]N8, /ftf] / gLnf] /ªsf ˆnf6/f]g 6L=eL= / b'O{ df]8]nsf 6]lnlehgx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

Pn hLsf] g]kfnl:yt k|ltlglw rf}w/L u'|ksf cWoIf tyf k|aGw lgb]{zs ljgf]b rf}w/Lsf cg';f/ utjif{ zt k|ltzt ahf/ lj:tf/ ug{ ;kmn Pn hLsf pTkfbgx¿ k|of]u ug]{x¿sf] ;ª\Vof clxn] klg b'O{ nfv ePsf] / ;g\ @))% ;Dddf !) nfv kl/jf/df k|To]sdf b'O{ j6f Pn hLsf pTkfbg k'¥ofpg] nIo /x]sf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] ljB'tLo pTkfbg tyf 3/fo;L a:t'sf] ahf/df #% k|ltzteGbf a9Lsf] k|e'Tj /x]sf] atfOg] Pn hLsf clws[t laqm]tf dx]z cu|jfnsf cg';f/ xfn sf7df8fF} nufot rf/ 7fpFdf ePsf] ;le{; ;]06/nfO{ lj:tf/ u/L !) :yfgdf lj:tf/ sfo{qmd /x]sf] ul/g]5